Genetic test associated with behavioural tendencies in the Belgian Shepherd, in particular the Malinois. It evaluates markers related to activity level and reactivity. It is not a Mendelian disease, but a quantitative trait with a genetic component. It should be used as a complementary tool to training and behavioural assessment, never as the sole selection criterion.

Specific to the Belgian Shepherd, in particular the Malinois. Genotype distribution is not published in a consolidated way; limited data.

- This is not a disease: it is a genetic marker of a behavioural trait
- Genotypic profile associated with a higher or lower activity level
- Tendency to greater reactivity in certain genotypes
- It does not itself produce pathological clinical signs

In the Malinois, an association has been described between an intronic poly(A) expansion in the dopamine transporter gene SLC6A3 (DAT) and differences in activity and behaviour (Lit et al., 2013). A selection signal in the CDH2 gene related to the breed's behavioural traits has also been proposed (Cao et al., 2014). None of these markers is established as a single test or independently replicated.

- Use the result as complementary information, not as the sole selection criterion
- Always combine with behavioural and working assessment of the animal and its ancestors
- Do not discard animals solely on the basis of their behavioural genotype
- Prioritise balance, socialisation and adequate training over the genetic marker

The interpretation of the result must be cautious: behavioural traits are multifactorial and influenced by genetics, environment, socialisation and training. The marker does not predict aggression or working suitability deterministically. Complementing with professional behavioural evaluation is advisable.

1. Lit L et al. 2013. Differences in behavior and activity associated with a poly(A) expansion in the dopamine transporter in Belgian Malinois. PLoS One. PMID: 24376613
2. Cao X et al. 2014. Balancing selection on CDH2 may be related to the behavioral features of the Belgian Malinois. PLoS One. PMID: 25303325